Greater Lyon has adopted a strategic action plan for the development of Renewable Energies.  RESTART has started the implementation of the action plan on the building sector, from social housing.  The project concerns 200 dwellings, which use innovative technologies to reduce the energy consumption by 20%.  It is expected that, each year, 20% of residential buildings in the Lyon area will be built according to these technologies.

Objectives and target audience

To use the large savings potential in the residential sector of Greater Lyon, owners are encouraged to implement sustainable building renovation strategies.

Financial Resources and Partners involved

Funds for this have been provided through the European Commission’s THERMIE programme set up to encourage renewable energy strategies in cities.  Financial support is provided in the form of grants for renovation.
The concept behind a reduced VAT rate to encourage investment in RES and EE measures is an excellent way to stimulate the local industry and wider implementation.
Renovation project:

• Energy investment (Euro) 1,001,662
• Extra cost (Euro/m2 dwellings) 6.54

Project Team:-

• Grand Lyon
• Région RhonesAlpes
• Rhônalpénergie environnement
• ADEME
• INSA
• Technical Project Assistance
• Local RESET Team
• AGORA’

Process

The project Cours Jean Damidot -Villeurbanne is situated in an urban area, near many facilities, primary schools, house of association, swimming pool and shops. The building is designed for the users particularly children, as they will have green spaces separate from streets and located on the south facade.

• Number of dwellings: 17
• Green houses: 15
• m2 solar collectors: 20
• Energy performance: 104 kWh/m²

Les Fossés de Trion – Lyon building is situated in a periphery urban area, well equipped: primary schools, colleges, high school, hospital, university, theatre, swimming pool and shops. However, the location is better adapted to car users than pedestrians. Buses are available but cycling is difficult because of the characteristics of the site.

• Number of dwellings: 49
• Green houses: 27
• m2 solar collectors: 60
• Energy performance: 132 kWh/m²

The building project Place Antoinette/Cours Vitton is situated in an urban area with an average rate of public equipment: primary schools, sport centre and shops. Green spaces are located on the north side due to urban continuity constrains.

• Number of dwellings: 25
• m2 solar collectors: 40
• Energy performance: 111 kWh/m²

The project Avenue Berthelot is situated in an urban area, near many facilities, primary schools, university, hospital and shops. The building is designed for the users, particularly children, as they will have green spaces separate from the street and located on the south facade.

• Number of dwellings: 40
• Green houses: 40
• m2 solar collectors: 75
• Energy performance: 111 kWh/m²

Rue Léon Blum Villeurbanne is situated in an urban area, near many facilities, primary schools, house of associations, swimming pool and shops.
The building is designed for the users particularly children, as they will have green spaces separate from streets and located on the south facade.

• Number of dwellings: 19
• Green houses: 15
• Energy performance: 136 kWh/m²

ZAC des Balmes is situated in an urban area with classical equipment: school, sport centre, shops. Every house has its own garden.

• Number of dwellings: 36
• Direct solar heating: 22
• Energy performance: 156 kWh/m²

The project in street Pierre Delore is situated in the Urban area with good south orientation. It has 5 levels.

• Number of dwellings: 27
• m2 solar collectors: 54
• Energy performance: 112 kWh/m²

In order to help the coordination of the project, a common guidebook for the design of efficient buildings has been developed and proposed to the public housing organisations partners of RESTART
The guidebook is based on the following elements:
A global approach on architecture, energy, water, environment applied to the design of social housing.
A targeted decrease of the total cost of energy and water for the occupants, the total energy plus water charges should not exceed 12,20 € /m²/year with a better comfort with specifications for the design of the buildings:-

• 20 compulsory measures: for example on architecture, acoustic, thermal comfort, reduction of air pollution, water savings, lighting, wastes, maintenance;
• 6 options (1-direct solar water heating system, 2-solar hot water, 3-green houses, 4-DSM, 5-water recovery from rain,6-improvement of insulation).  The designers have to choose at least one option among the firsts 3 options, and one among the last 3 )
• the possibility to develop photovoltaic applications if possible.

It was expected that the combination of these measures will reduce the energy consumption by 30 to 40%, while the total cost for energy and water is reduced by 40 to 50%.
To develop the guidebook, different meetings with persons in charge of social housing organisations have been organised.  Some modifications of the guidebook have been integrated to take into account specific problems.  During the design phase of the project, the guidebook was the basis for the specifications of the buildings.
RESTART guide book is now the reference for the building sector in Great Lyon, this is a very important success for the RESTART project.

The energy features:-
Energy Supply:-

• Energy efficient collective heating systems
• Condensing gas boilers
• ctive solar water heating

Architectural – Building technologies:

• Solar veranda (pre-heat ventilation air)
• Passive solar design considered in orientation
• Low E double glazing
• Insulation standards over and above building regulations

Environmental Services HVAC: -

• Humidity controlled ventilation
• Low NOx emission boilers
• Direct solar underfloor heating

Lighting and Controls:

• Compact Fluorescent lighting installed

Results

The project Cours Jean Damidot -

• Savings vs. standards: 45%
• Share of renewables: 19%

Les Fossés de Trion – Lyon building

• Savings vs. standards: 31%
• Share of renewables: 12%

The building project Place Antoinette/Cours Vitton

• Savings vs. standards: 42%
• Share of renewables: 16%

The project Avenue Berthelot

• Savings vs. standards: 42%
• Share of renewables: 9%

Rue Léon Blum Villeurbanne

• Savings vs. standards: 29%
• Share of renewables: 13%

ZAC des Balmes

• Savings vs. standards: 18%
• Share of renewables: 23%

The project in street Pierre Delore

• Savings vs. standards: 40%
• Share of renewables: 19%

Saving 910.000 Euro/y

Critical Success Factors / Challenges

When developing an action plan for a city or town it is essential to involve the local community in both the decision-making and implementation process.  This is particularly important for reinforcing the commitment and active participation in reducing energy consumption.  As such, awareness workshops and campaigns are very useful for stimulating the local interest in similar conditions.

Compared with a classic hydroelectric plant, the energy generation upon potable water conveyance offers numerous advantages. The environmental impacts, related to this system and integrated in a project with multiple choices, are very slight. The forced pipe is not specific to the system because it also feeds the potable water network of Megève. Moreover, pipes are buried, and catchments are on the hill. There are no visual impacts because the system is located in the basements of the Sports Centre and is invisible. In the same way, no additional disruption of the aquatic ecosystem is endangered by the energy promotion of an existing water network. The sound impacts are probably the most important, and are simply felt in a limited area inside the Sports Centre. They do not disrupt in any way to the normal functioning of the Centre, except in case of concerts in the Conference room, where, most of the time, turbines are stopped. At the level of the potable water quality, there is no problem because water that has already passed through  the turbines is not supplied back into the water network, but drained off in the stream of the Arly. The re-introduction of the water into the network that has already gone through the turbines, is possible, but not really economically interesting in the case of Megève because it requires the functioning of pumps to bring water back to the working pressure, which is approximately 7 bars. Generally, there is no reason for not supplying the water that has gone through the turbines in the potable water network. In other plants, there is no major problem to report, except an increase of ventilation following the fact that water has gone through the turbines. The hydroelectric system does not bring any chemical water pollution. Nevertheless, it is possible to take additional precautions by using food fat in bearings and/or by putting in waterproof bearings on the turbines.

Objectives and target audience

To reduce the use of the non renewal resources and to innovate the production processes (technologies alternative).

Financial Resources and Partners involved

The investment relative to the putting back of the turbine into service, and to its automation is to 234 000 euros between 1981 and 1985, representing an investment of about 830 Euro/kW. The maintenance of the system is cheap, and carried out  by the maintenance shifts of the sports centre. Now, the turbine works at approximately 4 800 hours a year. Annual savings linked to the micro plant are about 38 100 euros/year in the field of the electricity self-consumed (pumps, turbo compressor, light…), and 7 620 euros coming from the sales of the energy produced to the French Electricity Company.
Partners involved:  MEGEVE City Municipality.

Process

The hydroelectric micro plant is located in the Sports and Conference Centre of Megève, which is a multifunctional and covered complex of 9 320 square metres (sports, pool, ice rink, shows, conferences). Built at the same time as the Sports Centre, it dates back to 1968, and belongs, just like the latter, to the town of Megève. In 1978, the annual consumption of fuel oil reached 540 000 litres. That is why the Municipality of Megève decided to undertake an important programme, in the long term, of energy economy to reduce this consumption and for a better use of the hydraulic energy available: Replacement of the 2 boilers of 1 850 kW by 2 boilers of 464 kW.

• Installation of a heat pump water-water of 70 kW driven by the turbine.

• Improvement of the recovery of calories from the turbo compressor producing ice for the ice rink and heating water for pools.

• In 84-85, there was an increase of the capacity of the reservoir of the Livraz from    1 000 to 5 000 square metres, optimization and automation of the working turbine, generator, heat pump, home consumption of the energy produced, sale of the surplus, and purchase of water if there is a lack of it, priority always being obviously given to public consumption.

Results

The results are considerable because the annual consumption of fuel oil has thus, on average, gone from 540 000 to 180 000 litres a year since 1983. And this despite important expansions such as an outside Olympic pool (50 m) in 1981, a gymnasium and covered tennis court of 2 500 square metres in 1984, heated by circulation in the ground of the water of pools (27°C), the latter being heated by the turbo compressor of the ice rink, etc. The electric consumption of the Centre is approximately 1 200 MWh/a. The volume of water going through the turbine is, in average, of 1 500,000 sq.m./y.
Company and especially to the electricity self-consume on the site, Megève can ensure the annual running of the Sports and Conference Centre at a competitive price, and offer its inhabitants and tourists great cultural and sports facilities.
The people in charge of the system of the hydropower micro plant of Megève are unanimous as for the quality of facilities : their profitability (due to the low cost of investment compared with a classic system) and their slight impacts on the environment are just so many elements which should, in the future, win over more and more other local authorities. All these are significant assets which add to the satisfaction of producing and using a clean and renewable energy, in prospect of a sustainable development and of an harmonious town and country planning.
The short and medium-term prospects of the persons in charge are, in this field:

• to replace, over approximately 600 metres, the pipe of a diameter of 300 m by a pipe of a diameter of 350 m, to reduce the losses of charge, and then increase the efficiency of the turbine (made and in operation since May 2002).

• to use, on another site, an already existing pipe for potable water conveyance of a diameter of 250 m and of a length of 1 000 metres, to settle a Pelton turbine of 100 kW on it.

• to study, between May and October, the action of the turbines over important supplies of stand by water, recently created for the production of artificial snow (snow-blowers), and only used between November and April.

Critical Success Factors / Challenges